Cold temperatures can be particularly harsh for older adults, as their bodies may not regulate temperature as effectively as when they were younger. As caregivers, it’s essential to take proactive steps to ensure older adults stay warm, comfortable and safe throughout the colder months.
-
Dress in Layers
The first line of defense against cold weather is to ensure the older adult is dressed appropriately. Dressing in layers helps to trap body heat and allows for your loved one to easily take off a layer if they ever feel too hot when going from a colder setting to a warmer one. Start with a moisture-wicking inner layer, followed by insulating outer layers like sweaters or fleece. If they go outdoors, a water resistant jacket or parka should be worn, along with a well-fitting hat, gloves and scarf, as a significant amount of body heat is lost through the head, hands and neck.
-
Make Sure Their Home is Well-Heated
Assure that the heating system in your loved one’s house is working efficiently and is maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature—ideally between 68-72°F. Check that windows and doors are sealed to prevent drafts, and consider using space heaters or electric blankets in rooms that may not get enough heat from the central system.
-
Monitor for Cold Weather-Related Health Issues
Cold weather can worsen certain health issues, especially for older adults. Be on the lookout for signs of hypothermia, which occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it. Symptoms of hypothermia include shivering, confusion, dizziness, and slurred speech. Frostbite is another concern. It affects areas like fingers, toes, ears and the nose. If you suspect frostbite or hypothermia, seek medical help as soon as possible.
-
Encourage Outdoor Safety
When shoveling snow or performing other outdoor tasks, encourage your older loved one to avoid exerting themselves too much. If there are concerns they cannot do these tasks safely, consider hiring someone to maintain their house and driveway for them. If your loved one still drives, make sure their tires are in good condition. If conditions are snowy or icy, it may be better for you or another family member or friend to drive them or run errands on their behalf.
If your loved one has to go outside in bad conditions, ensure they have access to safe pathways, and help them maintain balance by wearing sturdy shoes with good tread.
-
Hydrate
Even in colder months, it’s crucial to stay just as hydrated as you do in the summer. Older adults often feel less thirsty in winter, but dehydration can still occur. Encourage them to drink water regularly, and consider serving warm beverages like tea which are both hydrating and comforting to drink in the winter.
-
Check on Older Adults Regularly
If you’re caring for someone who lives independently or away from you, make sure to check in with them regularly. Cold weather can lead to isolation, especially if mobility is an issue or if transportation becomes challenging. Phone calls, video chats or even quick visits can help keep older adults connected and provide an opportunity to assess their health and well-being. If they have difficulty heating their home or maintaining warmth, help them find additional resources or community support.